- Use as conductive material
Smelting all kinds of alloy steel by electric arc furnace or mine thermoelectric furnace, when ferroalloy or the production of calcium carbide (calcium), yellow phosphorus, a strong current through the carbon electrode (or continuous self-baking electrode-that is, electrode paste) or graphite electrode into the melting area of the furnace to generate electric arc, so that electrical energy into heat, temperature rise to $ around, So as to meet the requirements of smelting or reaction.
Magnesium, aluminum, sodium is generally used in molten salt electrolysis, when electrolytic cell anode conductive material is the use of graphite electrode or continuous self baking electrode (anode paste, sometimes with prebaked anode) “Molten salt electrolysis temperature generally below looot.” Anode conductive materials for the electrolysis of salt solution of caustic soda (sodium hydroxide) and chlorine are generally used as graphite anode. The production of carborundum (sic) used resistance furnace of the furnace head conductive materials, but also the use of graphite electrodes.
In addition to the above uses, graphite sheet/graphite rod/graphite products as conductive materials are widely used in the motor manufacturing industry as a slip ring and brush, but also used as a carbon rod in dry cells, searchlights or arc-generated arc carbon rods, mercury rectifiers in the anode and so on.
- Use as Refractories
Because graphite plate/graphite rod/graphite products can withstand high temperature and have good high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance, so many metallurgical furnaces can be lined with carbon blocks, such as Shing hearth, hearth and hearth, inner liner of ferroalloy furnace and calcium carbide furnace, bottom and side of aluminum electrolytic tank.
Many precious metals and rare metals smelting crucible, fused quartz glass and other graphite crucible, are also made of graphite billet processing. As refractories used in carbon and graphite products, generally should not be used in oxidizing atmosphere. Because, no one is carbon or graphite in oxidizing atmosphere at high temperature quickly ablation.
- As corrosion-resistant structural materials used
Through the use of organic resin or inorganic resin impregnated graphite plate/graphite rod/graphite products, with good corrosion resistance, good thermal conductivity, low permeability characteristics, this kind of leaching graphite is called impermeable graphite. It is heavily used in the production of various heat exchangers, reaction trough, condenser, combustion tower, absorber, cooler, heater, filter, pump and other equipment, widely used in petroleum refining, petrochemical, hydrometallurgy, acid and alkali production, synthetic fiber, paper and other industrial sectors, can save a large number of stainless steel and other metal materials. Non-permeable graphite production has become an important branch of the carbon industry.
- Used as abrasion and lubricating materials
Graphite sheet/Graphite rod/graphite products have good lubricating properties besides their high chemical stability characteristics. Under the condition of high speed, high temperature and high pressure, it is often impossible to use lubricating oil to improve wear resistance of sliding parts. Graphite wear-resisting material can be-soot to 2000t: corrosive medium at temperature and at a high sliding speed (up to 100 m/s) without lubricating oil.
As a result, many compressors and pumps conveying corrosive media are widely used in piston rings, seals and bearings made of graphite materials. They do not need to be added to the lubricant. This wear-resistant material is made of ordinary carbon or graphite material through organic resin or liquid metal immersion. Graphite emulsion is also a good lubricant for many metal processing (wire drawing, tube, etc.).
- As a structural material for high temperature metallurgy and ultra-pure material production
such as the production of monocrystalline silicon crystal growth graphite crucible, regional refining containers, stents, fixtures, induction heaters, etc., are processed with high-purity graphite materials. Used in vacuum smelting of graphite insulation plate and base, high-temperature resistance furnace tube, rods, plates, grille and other components, is also made of graphite material processing.
- As a mold, the use of die
Graphite sheet/Graphite rod/graphite products have a small thermal expansion coefficient and good heat resistance, so it can be used as a mould for glassware and as a mould for ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals or rare metals. Castings with graphite mold, accurate size, smooth surface, can be used directly or as long as a little processing to be used, thus saving a lot of metal. The production of cemented carbide (such as tungsten carbide) and other powder metallurgy process, usually graphite material processing die, sintered graphite boat.
